The state of equilibrium in the body with respect to various functions and to the chemical composition of fluids and tissues is called

The $pH$ of blood in an artery and a vein is:

Select the correct option for myogenic and neurogenic hearts.

Consider the following four statements regarding the human circulatory system:
$(a)$ Arteries have thick walls and have a smaller lumen compared to veins.
$(b)$ Angina is a sudden chest pain.
$(c)$ In the $ABO$ blood grouping system,a person with $AB$ blood group can donate blood to anyone.
$(d)$ Calcium ions play an important role in blood clotting.
Which two of the above statements are correct?

The breakdown product of haemoglobin is

Oedema is defined as: