The technique of bombarding plant cells with high velocity microparticles of gold or tungsten,coated with $DNA$,is known as:

Gene amplification using primers can be done by

Identify the correct statement.

By which process is a fragment of $DNA$ transferred into a bacterial host cell?

$I.$ $DNA$ being a hydrophilic molecule cannot pass through cell membranes.
$II.$ The bacteria should be made competent to accept the $DNA$ molecule.
The correct option regarding the above statements is:

Which of the following is not a method of introducing alien $DNA$ into host cells?