The temperatures of two bodies $A$ and $B$ are respectively $727^{\circ}C$ and $327^{\circ}C$. The ratio $H_A:H_B$ of the rates of heat radiated by them is

If the temperature of the Sun gets doubled, the rate of energy received on the Earth will increase by a factor of

$A$ solid copper sphere of density $\rho$,specific heat capacity $C$ and radius $r$ is initially at $200 \ K$. It is suspended inside a chamber whose walls are at $0 \ K$. The time required (in $\mu s$) for the temperature of the sphere to drop to $100 \ K$ is ( $\sigma$ is Stefan's constant and all the quantities are in $SI$ units.)

According to Stefan's law of radiation,a black body radiates energy $\sigma T^4$ from its unit surface area every second,where $T$ is the surface temperature of the black body and $\sigma = 5.67 \times 10^{-8} \, W m^{-2} K^{-4}$ is known as Stefan's constant. $A$ nuclear weapon may be thought of as a ball of radius $0.5 \, m$. When detonated,it reaches a temperature of $10^6 \, K$ and can be treated as a black body.
$(a)$ Estimate the power it radiates.
$(b)$ If the surroundings have water at $30 \, ^\circ C$,how much water can $10 \%$ of the energy produced evaporate in $1 \, s$? $[S_W = 4186 \, J kg^{-1} K^{-1}$ and $L_v = 22.6 \times 10^5 \, J kg^{-1}]$
$(c)$ If all this energy $U$ is in the form of radiation,the corresponding momentum is $p = U/c$. How much momentum per unit time does it impart on a unit area at a distance of $1 \, km$?

State and explain the Stefan-Boltzmann law.

$A$ solid copper sphere (density $\rho$ and specific heat capacity $c$) of radius $r$ at an initial temperature $200 \, K$ is suspended inside a chamber whose walls are at almost $0 \, K$. The time required (in $\mu s$) for the temperature of the sphere to drop to $100 \, K$ is: