To induce early flowering in plants, pre-treatment of seeds or seedlings is done at . . . . . . $1-6^{\circ} C$ temperature.

$A$ hypothetical chemical involved in the flowering of plants is:

Which two factors primarily affect the developmental phase of growth of plants?

Assertion $(A)$: Vernalization is the acceleration of subsequent flowering by low-temperature treatment.
Reason $(R)$: The site of vernalization is the apical meristem.

The flowering response of a plant can be changed by

Short night plants are known as: