Top-soil contains the following:

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(B) Top-soil is the uppermost layer of the soil profile. It is rich in organic matter known as humus,which is formed by the decomposition of dead plan

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Humus,living organisms and soil particles

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(B) Top-soil is the uppermost layer of the soil profile. It is rich in organic matter known as humus,which is formed by the decomposition of dead plants and animals. It also contains various living organisms such as bacteria,fungi,earthworms,and insects,along with mineral particles (sand,silt,and clay) that provide the physical structure of the soil. Therefore,top-soil is a complex mixture of humus,living organisms,and soil particles.

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