Two charged particles of mass $1 \ g$ each are placed $1 \ m$ apart. If each of these possesses $1 \ fC$ (femto coulomb) of charge, then the dominant force of interaction between them is:

In $1959$,Lyttleton and Bondi suggested that the expansion of the Universe could be explained if matter carried a net charge. Suppose that the Universe is made up of hydrogen atoms with a number density $N$,which is maintained constant. Let the charge on the proton be: $e_p = -(1 + y)e$,where $e$ is the electronic charge.
$(a)$ Find the critical value of $y$ such that expansion may start.
$(b)$ Show that the velocity of expansion is proportional to the distance from the centre.

$A$ thin-walled,spherical conducting shell $S$ of radius $R$ is given a charge $Q$. The same amount of charge $Q$ is also placed at its center $C$. Which of the following statements are correct?

Two identical small spheres carry charges $Q_1$ and $Q_2$ $(Q_1 >> Q_2)$. The force between them is $F_1$. The spheres are brought into contact and then placed at the same distance. The new force between them is $F_2$. Then $F_1/F_2$ will be:

Two identical charged particles,each having a mass $10 \, g$ and charge $2.0 \times 10^{-7} \, C$,are placed on a horizontal table with a separation of $L$ between them such that they stay in limiting equilibrium. If the coefficient of friction between each particle and the table is $0.25$,find the value of $L$ in $cm$. [Use $g = 10 \, m/s^2$]

Two particles $X$ and $Y$, of equal mass and with unequal positive charges, are free to move and are initially far away from each other. With $Y$ at rest, $X$ begins to move towards it with initial velocity $u$. After a long time, finally