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(A) In bacteria,the restriction-modification system serves as a defense mechanism against bacteriophages. The restriction endonuclease recognizes spec

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Protection of host $DNA$ from the action of restriction endonuclease by adding methyl group to one or two bases usually within the sequence recognized by the restriction enzyme.

Vedclass · Answer

(A) In bacteria,the restriction-modification system serves as a defense mechanism against bacteriophages. The restriction endonuclease recognizes specific $DNA$ sequences and cleaves them. To prevent the host's own $DNA$ from being degraded by its own restriction enzymes,the bacterium produces a methylase enzyme. This enzyme adds a methyl group to specific bases within the recognition sequence of the host $DNA$. This modification prevents the restriction endonuclease from binding to or cutting the host $DNA$,thereby protecting it.

Two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophages in $E. coli$ were isolated. One was methylase and the other was restriction endonuclease. What is the significance of methylase?

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