Two identical batteries, each of $e.m.f.$ $2\,V$ and internal resistance $1.0\,\Omega$, are available to produce heat in an external resistance $R = 0.5\,\Omega$ by passing a current through it. The maximum Joulean power that can be developed across $R$ using these batteries is ............. $W$.

$n$ identical cells,each of emf $E$ and internal resistance $r$,are joined in series to form a row. $m$ such rows are joined in parallel across a load resistance $R$. The current in each cell is:

$n$ identical cells each of $e.m.f.$ $E$ and internal resistance $r$ are connected in series. An external resistance $R$ is connected in series to this combination. The current through $R$ is

Two cells of equal $e.m.f.$ $E$ and internal resistances $r_1$ and $r_2$ $(r_1 > r_2)$ are connected in series. On connecting this combination to an external resistance $R$,it is observed that the potential difference across the first cell becomes zero. The value of $R$ will be

Twelve cells,each having emf $E$ volts,are connected in series and are kept in a closed box. Some of these cells are wrongly connected with positive and negative terminals reversed. This $12$-cell battery is connected in series with an ammeter,an external resistance $R$ ohms,and a two-cell battery (two cells of the same type used earlier,connected perfectly in series). The current in the circuit when the $12$-cell battery and $2$-cell battery aid each other is $3 \text{ A}$,and it is $2 \text{ A}$ when they oppose each other. Then,the number of cells in the $12$-cell battery that are connected wrongly is:

$n$ identical cells are joined in series with two cells $A$ and $B$ having reversed polarities. The $emf$ of each cell is $E$ and the internal resistance is $r$. The potential difference across cell $A$ or $B$ is: $(n > 4)$