The upper half of the oesophagus contains:

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(D) The oesophagus is a muscular tube. The muscularis layer of the upper one-third of the oesophagus consists of striated (skeletal) muscles,which are

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Both $(a)$ and $(b)$

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(D) The oesophagus is a muscular tube. The muscularis layer of the upper one-third of the oesophagus consists of striated (skeletal) muscles,which are under voluntary control. The middle portion contains a mixture of both striated and smooth muscles,while the lower one-third consists entirely of smooth (unstriated) muscles. Since 'striped' and 'skeletal' muscles are synonyms,both options $(a)$ and $(b)$ refer to the same type of muscle tissue. Therefore,the correct answer is $(d)$.

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