What are scale leaves?

Sheathing leaf base is found in $-$

Generally,the parallel venation is found in

Which of the following two are the resultant of stipule modifications?
$I$. Spines in $Ziziphus$.
$II$. Tendrils in $Smilax$.
$III$. Tendrils in $Nepenthes$.
$IV$. Spines in $Argemone$.
$V$. Thorns in $Bougainvillea$.

Which of the following is not a modification of a leaf?

Match the following:

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(1)$ Mustard	$(A)$ Opposite phyllotaxy
$(2)$ Guava	$(B)$ Pinnately compound leaf
$(3)$ Neem	$(C)$ Alternate phyllotaxy
	$(D)$ Palmately compound leaf