What is called earthing? Give the importance of earthing in electrical wiring.

(N/A) Earthing is the process of connecting the metallic body of an electrical appliance or a circuit to the Earth (ground) using a low-resistance conductor.
Importance of earthing:
$1$. Safety: It provides a low-resistance path for leakage current to flow into the ground,preventing electric shocks to users if the appliance's body becomes live due to insulation failure.
$2$. Protection: It protects electrical equipment from damage caused by voltage surges or lightning strikes by providing a safe path for excess charge to dissipate into the Earth.
$3$. Stability: It helps maintain a stable reference potential (zero potential) for the electrical system.