What is the difference between distillation,distillation under reduced pressure,and steam distillation?

In the given $TLC$ plate,the distances of spots $A$ and $B$ from the base line are $4 \ cm$ and $6 \ cm$,respectively. The distance moved by the solvent front from the base line is $8 \ cm$. If the $R_f$ value of $B$ is $x \times 10^{-1}$ times that of $A$,find the value of $x$.

To separate different fractions of crude oil in the petroleum industry,the method used is:

Thin-layer chromatography is an example of

State whether the following statements regarding fractional distillation are True or False:
$(i)$ The freezing of vapour of a liquid with a high boiling point takes place first.
$(ii)$ In the column,the more volatile liquid is present in a higher concentration in the vapour phase at higher levels.
$(iii)$ The condensed liquid flows down and provides heat to the vaporizing liquid.
$(iv)$ The liquid with the highest boiling point reaches the top of the column.

Choose the statement that is true about $A$,$B$ and $C$ in the following separation scheme.