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(B) The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution,such as nitration,depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electron

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Phenol

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(B) The rate of electrophilic aromatic substitution,such as nitration,depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons by resonance (like $-OH$ in phenol) strongly activate the ring towards electrophilic attack. Although $-NH_2$ in aniline is also a strong activator,aniline forms a salt $(C_6H_5NH_3^+)$ in the acidic medium used for nitration,which is deactivating. Therefore,$Phenol$ is the most readily nitrated among the given options.

Which of the following compounds is most readily nitrated?

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