Which of the following carboxylic acids is di | vedclass

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(B) Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids is generally facilitated by the presence of an electron-withdrawing group at the $\beta$-position,which stabil

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Propionic acid $(CH_3CH_2COOH)$

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(B) Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids is generally facilitated by the presence of an electron-withdrawing group at the $\beta$-position,which stabilizes the transition state (often involving a cyclic mechanism).$1$. Acetoacetic acid $(CH_3COCH_2COOH)$ has a carbonyl group at the $\beta$-position,making it easy to decarboxylate.$2$. Malonic acid $(HOOCCH_2COOH)$ has a carboxyl group at the $\beta$-position,making it easy to decarboxylate.$3$. Nitroacetic acid $(O_2NCH_2COOH)$ has a nitro group at the $\beta$-position,which is a strong electron-withdrawing group,facilitating decarboxylation.$4$. Propionic acid $(CH_3CH_2COOH)$ is a simple aliphatic carboxylic acid without any electron-withdrawing group at the $\beta$-position. Therefore,it is the most difficult to decarboxylate among the given options.

Which of the following carboxylic acids is difficult to decarboxylate?

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