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(C) The reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution $(EAS)$ depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electro

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

Chlorobenzene $(C_6H_5Cl)$

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(C) The reactivity towards electrophilic aromatic substitution $(EAS)$ depends on the electron density of the benzene ring. Groups that donate electrons by resonance ($+M$ effect) increase reactivity,while groups that withdraw electrons by induction ($-I$ effect) decrease it.$1$. Aniline $(-NH_2)$: Strong $+M$ effect,highly activating.$2$. Phenol $(-OH)$: Strong $+M$ effect,highly activating.$3$. Toluene $(-CH_3)$: Weak $+I$ and hyperconjugation effect,activating.$4$. Chlorobenzene $(-Cl)$: Strong $-I$ effect (deactivating) and weak $+M$ effect. The $-I$ effect dominates,making it less reactive than benzene and the other substituted benzenes listed.Therefore,chlorobenzene is the least reactive towards electrophilic substitution.

Which of the following is least reactive towards electrophilic substitution?

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What is the product of the following reaction?

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