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(A) Back bonding $(p \pi - d \pi)$ occurs when a lone pair from a $2p$ orbital of a central atom is donated into an empty $d$ orbital of the surroundi

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$OCl_2$

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(A) Back bonding $(p \pi - d \pi)$ occurs when a lone pair from a $2p$ orbital of a central atom is donated into an empty $d$ orbital of the surrounding atom.In $OCl_2$,the oxygen atom has lone pairs,but the chlorine atom has $3d$ orbitals. However,the energy gap between $O(2p)$ and $Cl(3d)$ is significant,and the electronegativity difference is small,making the back bonding very weak compared to $Si$ compounds.In $N(SiH_3)_3$,$O(SiH_3)_2$,and $SiF_4$,the back bonding is more effective due to the better energy match between the donor $p$-orbital and the acceptor $d$-orbital of silicon.Therefore,$OCl_2$ exhibits the weakest $(p \pi - d \pi)$ back bonding among the given options.

Which of the following molecules has the weakest $(p \pi - d \pi)$ back bonding?

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