Which of the following statements does not characterize photoperiodism?

The hormonal substance which migrates from leaves to shoot apices to induce flowering is

The phytochrome was discovered by

When all parts except the leaves of a short-day plant are covered with a light-proof cover and then subjected to short-day light/dark treatment,it will produce flower buds. When a portion of this plant is grafted onto another plant of the same species which has been prevented from flowering by excessive exposure to light,this latter plant will also produce flower buds. Which is the best inference from this result?

Assertion $(A)$: Vernalization is acceleration of subsequent flowering by low temperature treatment.
Reason $(R)$: Site of vernalization is apical meristem.

The effect of daily light period on flowering is called