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(D) Adsorption is a spontaneous process that occurs with the release of energy and a decrease in the entropy of the substance.For a spontaneous proces

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$\Delta G, \Delta H$ and $\Delta S$ all are negative.

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(D) Adsorption is a spontaneous process that occurs with the release of energy and a decrease in the entropy of the substance.For a spontaneous process,the Gibbs free energy change,$\Delta G$,must be negative.The relationship is given by $\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S$.Since the process is exothermic,the enthalpy change,$\Delta H$,is negative.As the molecules get adsorbed on the surface,their randomness decreases,meaning the entropy change,$\Delta S$,is also negative.

Which one of the following characteristics is associated with adsorption?

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