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(D) Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by chance from the mold $Penicillium 	ext{ } notatum$. However, its full potential as an effective antibi

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Both Ernest Chain and Howard Florey

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(D) Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin by chance from the mold $Penicillium 	ext{ } notatum$. However, its full potential as an effective antibiotic was established much later by Ernest Chain and Howard Florey. They worked on purifying and mass-producing penicillin, which led to its widespread use during World War $II$. For this significant contribution, all three scientists were awarded the Nobel Prize in $1945$.

Which scientists established the full potential of penicillin as an effective antibiotic by improving its production?

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