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(D) The unequivocal proof that $DNA$ is the genetic material came from the experiments of Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase in $1952$. They worked with

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Hershey and Chase

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(D) The unequivocal proof that $DNA$ is the genetic material came from the experiments of Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase in $1952$. They worked with bacteriophages,which are viruses that infect bacteria. They grew some viruses on a medium that contained radioactive phosphorus $(^{32}P)$ and some on a medium that contained radioactive sulfur $(^{35}S)$. Viruses grown in the presence of radioactive phosphorus contained radioactive $DNA$ but not radioactive protein because $DNA$ contains phosphorus but protein does not. Similarly,viruses grown on radioactive sulfur contained radioactive protein but not radioactive $DNA$ because $DNA$ does not contain sulfur. Radioactive phages were allowed to infect $E. coli$ bacteria. After infection,the viral coats were removed from the bacteria by agitating them in a blender. Then,the virus particles were separated from the bacteria by spinning them in a centrifuge. Bacteria which were infected with viruses that had radioactive $DNA$ were radioactive,indicating that $DNA$ was the material that passed from the virus to the bacteria. Bacteria that were infected with viruses that had radioactive proteins were not radioactive. This proved that $DNA$ is the genetic material that is passed from virus to bacteria.

Who proved for the first time that $DNA$ is the genetic material?

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