With which name is the phenomenon of changing of a liquid into its vapours at a temperature below its boiling point known?

Why is evaporation called a surface phenomenon?

Boiling process is a

Carbon dioxide was taken in an enclosed cylinder and compressed by applying pressure.
$(a)$ Which state of matter will we obtain after completion of the process?
$(b)$ Name and define this process.
$(c)$ What is the common name of the product obtained in the above process?

The molecules of water have more energy as compared to molecules of ice at the same temperature. Justify this statement.

What happens to the heat energy that is supplied to a solid once it starts melting?