Mix Examples - Our Environment Questions in English

(C) food chain represents a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients and energy are transferred from one organism to another.
$(i)$ Grass $\rightarrow$ Rabbit $\rightarrow$ Wolf $\rightarrow$ Lion. This is a valid food chain.
$(ii)$ Plankton $\rightarrow$ Fish $\rightarrow$ Man. Grasshopper is a terrestrial herbivore and does not fit in this aquatic food chain. Thus,this group is not a valid food chain.
$(iii)$ Grass $\rightarrow$ Snake $\rightarrow$ Wolf $\rightarrow$ Tiger. This is not a valid food chain because a snake (carnivore) cannot eat grass (producer),and a wolf does not typically eat snakes in this sequence. Thus,this group is not a valid food chain.
$(iv)$ Grass $\rightarrow$ Grasshopper $\rightarrow$ Frog $\rightarrow$ Snake $\rightarrow$ Eagle. This is a valid food chain.
Therefore,groups $(ii)$ and $(iii)$ are not constituents of a valid food chain.

(N/A) Biodegradable substances are materials that can be broken down into simpler,harmless substances by the action of biological processes,such as the activity of microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.
Examples include wood,paper,vegetable peels,and animal waste.
Non-biodegradable substances are materials that cannot be broken down or decomposed by biological processes into simpler substances.
These substances persist in the environment for a long time and often cause pollution.
Examples include plastic,glass,$DDT$,and heavy metals.

(D) Wastes that are capable of being broken down or decomposed rapidly by the actions of microorganisms are called as biodegradable wastes.
Fruit-peels,cake,lime juice,wood,grass,flowers,and leather are all organic materials that can be easily decomposed by the action of microbes.
Therefore,all the items listed in options $A$,$B$,and $C$ are biodegradable.

(N/A) The flow of energy in a food chain is unidirectional because energy captured by autotrophs (producers) from the sun is passed to successive trophic levels and is never returned to the previous level or the sun.
As energy moves through trophic levels, a significant portion is lost as heat at each step, making it unavailable for the previous level.
Pesticides are non-biodegradable chemicals used to protect crops. When these chemicals are washed into the soil or water bodies, they are absorbed by plants along with water and minerals.
Since these chemicals cannot be broken down by biological processes, they accumulate at each trophic level in a process called biological magnification. As humans are often at the top of the food chain, these pesticides eventually enter and accumulate in our bodies.

(N/A) $(i)$ Non-biodegradable wastes such as pens,plastic tiffin boxes,and plastic scales are sold for recycling.
$(ii)$ Used water bottles,jam jars,and pickle bottles are reused for storage or for growing small plants.
$(iii)$ Old clothes that are no longer in use are repurposed to make shopping bags.
$(iv)$ Peels of fruits,vegetables,and leftover food are placed in compost pits to produce organic manure.

(A) Biological magnification (or biomagnification) refers to the increase in the concentration of toxic substances,such as pesticides or heavy metals,at successive trophic levels in a food chain.
Since humans are often at the top of the food chain,these harmful chemicals accumulate in our bodies in higher concentrations compared to other organisms,making the statement True.