$CH_3-COOH \xrightarrow[(2)\Delta ]{(1)Ca(OH)_2} P$. Compound $P$ can show:

Two moles of benzaldehyde and one mole of acetone under alkaline conditions using aqueous $NaOH$ after heating gives $x$ as the major product. The number of $\pi$ bonds in the product $x$ is.................

$3$-hydroxybutanal is formed when $(X)$ reacts with $(Y)$ in a dilute $(Z)$ solution. What are $X, Y$ and $Z$?

$CH_3-CH(OH)-CH_2-CH_2-CO-CH_3 \rightarrow CH_3-CH(OH)-(CH_2)_3-CH_3$
The above conversion can be achieved by:

The major product in the following reaction sequence is

Benzaldehyde can be converted to benzyl alcohol in concentrated aqueous $NaOH$ solution using