CH_3COOH + C_2H_5^{18}OH xrightarrow{Conc. H_ | vedclass

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(A) In the esterification of carboxylic acids with primary alcohols like ethanol,acyl-oxygen cleavage occurs ($A_{AC}2$ mechanism). The oxygen atom of

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$CH_3CO^{18}OC_2H_5$ and $CH_3COOC(CH_3)_3$

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(A) In the esterification of carboxylic acids with primary alcohols like ethanol,acyl-oxygen cleavage occurs ($A_{AC}2$ mechanism). The oxygen atom of the alcohol is retained in the ester. Thus,$(X)$ is $CH_3CO^{18}OC_2H_5$. However,with tertiary alcohols like tert-butyl alcohol,alkyl-oxygen cleavage occurs ($A_{AL}1$ mechanism) because a stable tertiary carbocation can form. The oxygen atom of the alcohol is lost as water,and the oxygen atom of the carboxylic acid is retained in the ester. Thus,$(Y)$ is $CH_3COOC(CH_3)_3$.

$CH_3COOH + C_2H_5^{18}OH \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} (X)$
$CH_3COOH + (CH_3)_3C^{18}OH \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} (Y)$
In the above reaction $(X)$ and $(Y)$ are respectively:

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$CH_3COOH + C_2H_5^{18}OH \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} (X)$ $CH_3COOH + (CH_3)_3C^{18}OH \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} (Y)$ In the above reaction $(X)$ and $(Y)$ are respectively: