A: Fermentation stops when the alcohol concen | vedclass

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(A) The process of fermentation is carried out by yeast $(Saccharomyces \ cerevisiae)$.As the concentration of alcohol in the sugar solution increases

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Assertion and Reason both are correct and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

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(A) The process of fermentation is carried out by yeast $(Saccharomyces \ cerevisiae)$.As the concentration of alcohol in the sugar solution increases,it becomes toxic to the yeast cells themselves.When the alcohol concentration reaches approximately $13 \%$,the yeast cells are killed by the toxic environment.Since the yeast cells are dead,they can no longer produce or maintain the activity of the enzyme complex zymase,which is responsible for fermentation.Therefore,the fermentation process stops at this concentration.

Column $I$	Column $II$
$1$. $Streptococcus$ $pneumoniae$	$(A)$ acetic acid
$2$. $Aspergillus$ $niger$	$(B)$ butyric acid
$3$. $Clostridium$ $butyricum$	$(C)$ streptokinase
$4$. $Acetobacter$ $aceti$	$(D)$ citric acid

$A$: Fermentation stops when the alcohol concentration in a sugar solution reaches about $13 \%$.
$R$: $Saccharomyces \ cerevisiae$ are killed by the high concentration of alcohol,and zymase activity is inhibited.

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Match the following columns.
Column $I$ Column $II$
$1$. $Streptococcus$ $pneumoniae$ $(A)$ acetic acid
$2$. $Aspergillus$ $niger$ $(B)$ butyric acid
$3$. $Clostridium$ $butyricum$ $(C)$ streptokinase
$4$. $Acetobacter$ $aceti$ $(D)$ citric acid

Citric acid is produced by

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$A$: Fermentation stops when the alcohol concentration in a sugar solution reaches about $13 \%$.$R$: $Saccharomyces \ cerevisiae$ are killed by the high concentration of alcohol,and zymase activity is inhibited.