In this technique,large quantities of biotechnological products such as antibiotics,vaccines,and enzymes are produced by maintaining and growing only the desired microbes/eukaryotic cells in a sterile environment.

From the given combination of steps in $PCR$,identify the enzyme-dependent step.

In gel electrophoresis,the separated $DNA$ fragments are visualized after staining the $DNA$ with $...A...$ followed by exposure to $...B...$. Here $A$ and $B$ refer to:

Besides better aeration and mixing properties,what other advantages do stirred tank bioreactors have over shake flasks?

The master plate in the replica plating experiment contained the:

Which of the statements are correct about bioreactors?
$I.$ It provides all the optimal conditions for achieving the desired product by providing optimal growth conditions like temperature, $pH$, substrate, salt, vitamin and oxygen.
$II.$ It is suited for large-scale production of microorganisms under aseptic conditions for a number of days.