Approximately $25\%$ of all insects are known to be phytophagous (feeding on plant sap and other parts of plants).

What is/are the correct explanations for higher diversity in tropical areas in comparison to temperate areas?
$I$. There are no unfavourable seasons in the tropics
$II$. Less solar energy is available in the tropics
$III$. Rate of extinction is low in the tropics
$IV$. Resource availability is higher in the tropics
Choose the correct option.

Given $S =$ species richness,$A =$ area,$Z =$ slope of the line,and $C =$ $Y$-intercept. If area is on the $X$-axis and species richness is on the $Y$-axis,what will the graph of $\log S = \log C + Z \log A$ look like?

The species-area relationship is a straight line described by the equation:

What is biodiversity? Describe the different patterns of biodiversity with examples.

As we move from the equator towards the poles,species diversity $.........$.