DNA fingerprinting technology was discovered | vedclass

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(B) $(1)$ $DNA$ fingerprinting was developed by Alec Jeffreys.$(2)$ Statement $(a)$ is correct: It relies on $DNA$ polymorphism, which is the variatio

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Only $(d)$ is incorrect

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(B) $(1)$ $DNA$ fingerprinting was developed by Alec Jeffreys.$(2)$ Statement $(a)$ is correct: It relies on $DNA$ polymorphism, which is the variation at the genetic level, as the basis for identification.$(3)$ Statement $(b)$ is correct: It utilizes Variable Number Tandem Repeats $(VNTRs)$ as probes, which are highly polymorphic and useful in identification.$(4)$ Statement $(c)$ is correct: Minisatellites are used to synthesize radioactive probes, typically ranging from $0.1$ to $20 \ kb$ in size with repeat units of $10-60 \ bp$.$(5)$ Statement $(d)$ is incorrect: Gel electrophoresis is used to separate $DNA$ fragments based on size, not to amplify them. $DNA$ amplification is performed using Polymerase Chain Reaction $(PCR)$.$(6)$ Since $(a)$, $(b)$, and $(c)$ are correct and $(d)$ is incorrect, the correct option is $(b)$.

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Assertion : $DNA$ fingerprinting has become a powerful tool to establish paternity and identity of criminals in rape and assault cases.
Reason : Trace evidences such as hairs,saliva,and dried semen are adequate for $DNA$ analysis.

$DNA$ polymorphism forms the basis of:

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