$A$ radioactive substance has a half-life of $10^8$ years and an activity of $10^4 \,Bq$. The number of atoms of this substance present is

$A$ parent nucleus $X$ decays into a daughter nucleus $Y$,which in turn decays into $Z$. The half-lives of $X$ and $Y$ are $40000 \, yr$ and $20 \, yr$,respectively. In a certain sample,it is found that the number of $Y$ nuclei hardly changes with time. If the number of $X$ nuclei in the sample is $4 \times 10^{20}$,the number of $Y$ nuclei present in it is

The half-life of a radioactive element depends upon:

$A$ radioactive substance decays to $\left(\frac{1}{16}\right)^{th}$ of its initial activity in $80\, days$. The half-life of the radioactive substance expressed in days is ... .

An ancient discovery found a sample where $75 \%$ of the original carbon $(C^{14})$ remains. The age of the sample is: $\left(T_{1/2}(C^{14}) = 5730 \text{ years}, \ln 0.5 = -0.7, \ln 0.75 = -0.3\right)$ (in $\text{ years}$)

Two different radioactive elements with half-lives $T_1$ and $T_2$ have undecayed atoms $N_1$ and $N_2$ respectively present at a given instant. The ratio of their activities at that instant is