$A$ gas is governed by an equation $V = \frac{aT^3}{P}$,where $P, V$,and $T$ are pressure,volume,and temperature of the gas respectively,and $a$ is a constant. If the temperature of the gas is doubled at constant pressure,then the work done by the gas is: (in $aT^3$)

One mole of a monatomic ideal gas is taken along two cyclic processes $E \rightarrow F \rightarrow G \rightarrow E$ and $E \rightarrow F \rightarrow H \rightarrow E$ as shown in the $PV$ diagram. The processes involved are purely isochoric,isobaric,isothermal,or adiabatic. Match the paths in List-$I$ with the magnitudes of the work done in List-$II$ and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.

List-$I$	List-$II$
$P. \quad G \rightarrow E$	$1. \quad 160 P_0 V_0 \ln 2$
$Q. \quad G \rightarrow H$	$2. \quad 36 P_0 V_0$
$R. \quad F \rightarrow H$	$3. \quad 24 P_0 V_0$
$S. \quad F \rightarrow G$	$4. \quad 31 P_0 V_0$

Codes: $P \quad Q \quad R \quad S$

In changing the state of a gas adiabatically from an equilibrium state $A$ to another equilibrium state $B$,an amount of work equal to $22.3 \; J$ is done on the system. If the gas is taken from state $A$ to $B$ via a process in which the net heat absorbed by the system is $9.35 \; cal$,how much is the net work done (in $J$) by the system in the latter case? (Take $1 \; cal = 4.19 \; J$)

The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating with a hot reservoir kept at a temperature of $1000 K$ is $0.4$. It extracts $150 J$ of heat per cycle from the hot reservoir. The work extracted from this engine is being fully used to run a heat pump which has a coefficient of performance $10$. The hot reservoir of the heat pump is at a temperature of $300 K$. Which of the following statements is/are correct:
$(A)$ Work extracted from the Carnot engine in one cycle is $60 J$.
$(B)$ Temperature of the cold reservoir of the Carnot engine is $600 K$.
$(C)$ Temperature of the cold reservoir of the heat pump is $270 K$.
$(D)$ Heat supplied to the hot reservoir of the heat pump in one cycle is $540 J$.

$A$ given amount of gas has an initial state $(P_i, V_i, T_i)$. It expands until its volume becomes $V_f$. Consider the following two cases:
$(a)$ The expansion occurs at constant temperature (isothermal).
$(b)$ The expansion occurs at constant pressure (isobaric).
Draw the $P-V$ diagram for each case. In which of the two cases is the work done by the gas greater?

If $dQ$, $dU$, and $dW$ are heat energy absorbed, change in internal energy, and external work done respectively by a diatomic gas at constant pressure, then the ratio $dW: dU: dQ$ is: