The chemiosmotic hypothesis for the synthesis of $ATP$ in chloroplasts and mitochondria is based on which of the following?

Copper is present in

The first step in the light reaction of photosynthesis is . . . . . . .

Identify the correct statements regarding chemiosmotic hypothesis :
$(a)$ Splitting of the water molecule takes place on the inner side of the membrane.
$(b)$ Protons accumulate within the lumen of the thylakoids.
$(c)$ Primary acceptor of electron transfers the electrons to an electron carrier.
$(d)$ $NADP$ reductase enzyme is located on the stroma side of the membrane.
$(e)$ Protons increase in number in stroma.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The entire process of photosynthesis consists of a number of reactions. Where in the cell do each of these take place? Photolysis of water ...........

Which photochemical reaction generates a strong oxidant and a weak reductant?