If the voltage of an $X$-ray tube is doubled,the intensity of the $X$-rays will be ...... .

The wavelength of the ${K_\alpha }$ line in copper is $1.54 \mathring A$. The ionisation energy of the $K$ electron in copper in Joules is:

The minimum wavelength of the $X$-rays produced by electrons accelerated through a potential difference of $V$ volts is directly proportional to

What determines the hardness of the $X-$rays obtained from the Coolidge tube?

The essential distinction between $X$-rays and $\gamma$-rays is that

Moseley measured the frequency $(f)$ of the characteristic $X$-rays from many metals of different atomic number $(Z)$ and represented his results by a relation known as Moseley's law. This law is ($a, b$ are constants)