The chemical nature of an atom depends on its .......

An elementary particle of mass $m$ and charge $+e$ is projected with velocity $v$ at a much more massive particle of charge $Ze,$ where $Z > 0.$ What is the closest possible approach of the incident particle?

Show the trajectory of $\alpha$-particle for different impact parameters and explain how Rutherford used this to determine the upper limit of the nuclear size.

What are the main postulates (suggestions) of Dalton's atomic theory?

When an $\alpha$-particle of mass $m$ moving with velocity $v$ bombards a heavy nucleus of charge $Ze$,its distance of closest approach from the nucleus depends on $m$ as

In the Geiger-Marsden experiment, the number of scattered $\alpha$-particles $N(\theta)$ is plotted as a function of the scattering angle $\theta$. Which of the following options represents the correct plot?