The anode voltage of a photocell is kept constant. The wavelength of the incident light on the cathode is changed gradually. Then,the photoelectric current $I$ of the photocell varies according to which of the following graphs?

Find the number of photons emitted per second from a source of light which results in a photocurrent with drift velocity of $1.5 \ m/s$ in a conductor with cross-section area $0.25 \ m^2$ and volume density of electrons $10^{20} \ m^{-3}$. (Assume that $60\%$ of photons emitted result in electron emission).

The spectrum of light emitted by a glowing solid is

Answer the following questions:
$(a)$ Quarks inside protons and neutrons are thought to carry fractional charges $[(+2/3)e, (-1/3)e]$. Why do they not show up in Millikan's oil-drop experiment?
$(b)$ What is so special about the combination $e/m$? Why do we not simply talk of $e$ and $m$ separately?
$(c)$ Why should gases be insulators at ordinary pressures and start conducting at very low pressures?
$(d)$ Every metal has a definite work function. Why do all photoelectrons not come out with the same energy if incident radiation is monochromatic? Why is there an energy distribution of photoelectrons?
$(e)$ The energy and momentum of an electron are related to the frequency and wavelength of the associated matter wave by the relations:
$E = h\nu, p = \frac{h}{\lambda}$
But while the value of $\lambda$ is physically significant,the value of $\nu$ (and therefore,the value of the phase speed $\nu\lambda$) has no physical significance. Why?

The anode voltage of a photocell is kept constant. The wavelength of the light incident on the cathode is changed gradually. Which of the following graphs represents the variation of the photoelectric current $(I)$ with the wavelength $(\lambda)$?

The wave nature of light cannot explain the photoelectric effect because,in the photoelectric effect,it is observed that: