Which of the following is true for the gaseous state?

$A$ polaroid is placed at $45^{\circ}$ to an incoming linearly polarized light of intensity $I_0$. The intensity of light passing through the polaroid after polarization would be:

Two point white dots are $1 \, mm$ apart on black paper. They are viewed by an eye with a pupil diameter of $3 \, mm$. Approximately,what is the maximum distance at which these dots can be resolved by the eye? (Take $\lambda = 500 \, nm$)

In the circuit shown in the figure,the maximum output voltage $V_0$ is....$V$.

Reduction of nitrobenzene with $Zn$ and alcoholic $KOH$ solution results in the formation of the following compound:

$A$ spherical portion has been removed from a solid sphere having a charge distributed uniformly in its volume as shown. The electric field inside the emptied space is