Select the correct set of substituents for th | vedclass

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(A) The $-M$ (negative mesomeric) effect occurs when a group withdraws electron density from the conjugated system through resonance. The $-I$ (negati

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$-CCl_3, -COOH, -CN$

Vedclass · Answer

(A) The $-M$ (negative mesomeric) effect occurs when a group withdraws electron density from the conjugated system through resonance. The $-I$ (negative inductive) effect occurs when a group withdraws electron density through the sigma bond due to electronegativity differences.Groups like $-CCl_3$,$-COOH$,and $-CN$ are electron-withdrawing groups that exhibit both $-M$ and $-I$ effects.Specifically,$-COOH$ and $-CN$ have pi-bonds conjugated with the ring,allowing for $-M$ effect,and are highly electronegative,causing $-I$ effect.$-CCl_3$ exhibits a strong $-I$ effect and can also show $-M$ effect due to the presence of vacant $d$-orbitals on the chlorine atoms (hyperconjugation/back-bonding).Therefore,the correct set is $-CCl_3, -COOH, -CN$.

Select the correct set of substituents for the existence of $-M$ and negative inductive $(-I)$ effects.

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