$A$ freshly prepared radioactive source of half-life $2\, hours$ emits radiation of intensity which is $64\, \times$ the permissible safe level. The minimum time after which it would be possible to work safely with the source is .......... $hours$.

In a radioactive disintegration,the ratio of the initial number of atoms to the number of atoms present at time $t = \frac{1}{2 \lambda}$ is $[\lambda = \text{decay constant}]$

Radioactive nuclei $P$ and $Q$ disintegrate into $R$ with half-lives $1$ month and $2$ months respectively. At time $t=0$,the number of nuclei of each $P$ and $Q$ is $x$. At the time when the rates of disintegration of $P$ and $Q$ are equal,the number of nuclei of $R$ is ........ $x$.

The half-life of a radioactive isotope $x$ is $50$ years. It decays to another element $y$ which is stable. The two elements $x$ and $y$ were found to be in the ratio of $1 : 7$ in a sample of a given rock. The age of the rock was estimated to be ........... $years$.

The mean lives of a radioactive sample are $30 \, years$ and $60 \, years$ for $\alpha$-emission and $\beta$-emission,respectively. If the sample decays by both $\alpha$-emission and $\beta$-emission simultaneously,then the time after which only one-fourth of the sample remains is approximately ............ $years$.

Activity of a radioactive substance is $R_1$ at time $t_1$ and $R_2$ at time $t_2$ $(t_2 > t_1)$. Then the ratio $\frac{R_2}{R_1}$ is: