Arrange the following bases in decreasing ord | vedclass

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(A) Basicity is directly proportional to the $+M$ and $+I$ effects,and inversely proportional to the $-M$ and $-I$ effects.Aniline $(i)$ is the most b

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$i > iii > iv > ii$

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(A) Basicity is directly proportional to the $+M$ and $+I$ effects,and inversely proportional to the $-M$ and $-I$ effects.Aniline $(i)$ is the most basic because it lacks any electron-withdrawing group.The nitro group $(-NO_2)$ exerts both $-M$ and $-I$ effects.At the $meta$ position $(iii)$,the $-NO_2$ group exerts only the $-I$ effect.At the $ortho$ $(ii)$ and $para$ $(iv)$ positions,it exerts both $-M$ and $-I$ effects,which significantly decrease basicity.Additionally,$o$-nitroaniline $(ii)$ experiences the ortho-effect,which further reduces its basicity compared to $p$-nitroaniline $(iv)$.Therefore,the decreasing order of basicity is $(i) > (iii) > (iv) > (ii)$.

Arrange the following bases in decreasing order of basicity:
$(i)$ Aniline
$(ii)$ $o$-nitroaniline
$(iii)$ $m$-nitroaniline
$(iv)$ $p$-nitroaniline

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Arrange the following bases in decreasing order of basicity:$(i)$ Aniline$(ii)$ $o$-nitroaniline$(iii)$ $m$-nitroaniline$(iv)$ $p$-nitroaniline