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(B) For an isothermal process,the magnitude of work done is given by the area under the $PV$ curve.$1$. For reversible processes,$|w_{reversible}| = |

Vedclass · Accepted Answer

$d > c = a > b$

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(B) For an isothermal process,the magnitude of work done is given by the area under the $PV$ curve.$1$. For reversible processes,$|w_{reversible}| = |nRT \ln(V_f/V_i)|$. Since the initial and final states are the same for expansion and compression,$|w_{reversible}|_{expansion} = |w_{reversible}|_{compression} = a = c$.$2$. For irreversible expansion in a single stage,$|w_{irreversible}|_{exp} = P_{ext}(V_f - V_i)$,which is represented by the area of the rectangle under the final pressure $P_2$. This area is smaller than the area under the reversible curve.$3$. For irreversible compression in a single stage,$|w_{irreversible}|_{comp} = P_{ext}(V_i - V_f)$,which is represented by the area of the rectangle under the final pressure $P_2$. This area is larger than the area under the reversible curve.$4$. Comparing the magnitudes: $|w_{irreversible}|_{comp} > |w_{reversible}|_{comp} = |w_{reversible}|_{exp} > |w_{irreversible}|_{exp}$.Thus,the order is $d > c = a > b$.

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