Blister copper is

$A$ spherically symmetric gravitational system of particles has a mass density $\rho = \begin{cases} \rho_0 & \text{for } r \leq R \\ 0 & \text{for } r > R \end{cases}$ where $\rho_0$ is a constant. $A$ test mass can undergo circular motion under the influence of the gravitational field of particles. Its speed $V$ as a function of distance $r$ $(0 < r < \infty)$ from the centre of the system is represented by:

If $\frac{1-x+6x^2}{x-x^3} = \frac{A}{x} + \frac{B}{1-x} + \frac{C}{1+x}$,then $A$ is equal to

Which two distinct microbial processes are responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen gas $(N_2)$ to the atmosphere?

$A$ certain vector in the $xy$-plane has an $x$-component of $4 ~m$ and a $y$-component of $10 ~m$. It is then rotated in the $xy$-plane so that its $x$-component is doubled. Then its new $y$-component is (approximately) (in $~m$)

Which of the following forms a stable $+4$ oxidation state?