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(D) $Escherichia \ coli$ $(E. \ coli)$ is widely used in genetic experiments for several reasons:$1$. It is a haploid organism,which makes it easier t

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Both $(b)$ and $(c)$

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(D) $Escherichia \ coli$ $(E. \ coli)$ is widely used in genetic experiments for several reasons:$1$. It is a haploid organism,which makes it easier to observe the effects of mutations as there is no dominant allele to mask recessive traits.$2$. It has a very short generation time and can be easily cultured in a laboratory setting using simple nutrient media.$3$. Its genome is relatively small and well-mapped,facilitating genetic manipulation and analysis.Therefore,both $(b)$ and $(c)$ are correct reasons.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(1)$ Ligase	$(p)$ Segment of $DNA$
$(2)$ $RNA$ polymerase + Rho factor	$(q)$ Replication
$(3)$ $RNA$ polymerase	$(r)$ Termination
$(4)$ Cistron	$(s)$ Elongation

$Escherichia \ coli$ is an important material for genetic experiments because

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Base substitution caused by base analogs is known as:

Match the following:

Column-$I$ Column-$II$

$(1)$ Ligase $(p)$ Segment of $DNA$

$(2)$ $RNA$ polymerase + Rho factor $(q)$ Replication

$(3)$ $RNA$ polymerase $(r)$ Termination

$(4)$ Cistron $(s)$ Elongation

By using the diagram,select the correct option for $X$ and $Y$.

What does $Y$ represent in the given figure?

The one-gene-one-enzyme relationship was first established in.....

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