Explain the given reactions with examples:
$(a)$ Saponification reaction
$(b)$ Combustion reaction
$(a)$ Saponification reaction
$(b)$ Combustion reaction
(N/A) Saponification: It is the process of making soap by the alkaline hydrolysis of an ester. When an ester like ethyl acetate reacts with sodium hydroxide, it produces sodium acetate and ethanol.
$CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5} + NaOH \rightarrow CH_{3}COONa + C_{2}H_{5}OH$
$(b)$ Combustion: It is the process of burning a carbon compound in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. For example, the combustion of methane:
$CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + 2H_{2}O + \text{Heat and Light}$
$CH_{3}COOC_{2}H_{5} + NaOH \rightarrow CH_{3}COONa + C_{2}H_{5}OH$
$(b)$ Combustion: It is the process of burning a carbon compound in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. For example, the combustion of methane:
$CH_{4} + 2O_{2} \rightarrow CO_{2} + 2H_{2}O + \text{Heat and Light}$
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$(i)$ $CH_4 + 2O_2 \longrightarrow CO_2 + 2H_2O + \text{Heat} + \text{Light}$
$(ii)$ $CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \xrightarrow{\text{Acid}} CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O$
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$(i)$ $CH_4 + 2O_2 \longrightarrow CO_2 + 2H_2O + \text{Heat} + \text{Light}$
$(ii)$ $CH_3COOH + C_2H_5OH \xrightarrow{\text{Acid}} CH_3COOC_2H_5 + H_2O$
$(iii)$ $CH_3CH_2OH \xrightarrow[\text{443 K}]{\text{Conc. } H_2SO_4} CH_2=CH_2 + H_2O$
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$(iii)$ Ethyl alcohol reacts with acidified potassium dichromate.
$(i)$ Methane reacts with excess of chlorine in the presence of diffused sunlight.
$(ii)$ Ethanol undergoes combustion.
$(iii)$ Ethyl alcohol reacts with acidified potassium dichromate.
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