Explain why a land plant may die if its roots remain waterlogged for a long time.

What type of respiration takes place in human muscles during vigorous physical exercise? Give reason for your answer.

Describe the process of respiration in fish.

An organism $X$ having breathing organs $A$ lives on land. When organism $X$ goes underwater, it cannot survive for a long time unless carrying an oxygen cylinder. On the other hand, the organism $Y$ having breathing organs $B$ always lives in water and if taken out of water, it dies after a short while. A third organism $Z$ having breathing organs $C$ and $D$ which lives on the banks of ponds, lakes, and rivers can survive on land as well as in water equally well.
$(a)$ What could organism $X$ be? Name the breathing organs $A$.
$(b)$ What could organism $Y$ be? Name the breathing organs $B$.
$(c)$ What could organism $Z$ be? Name the breathing organs $C$ and $D$.
$(d)$ Out of $X$, $Y$, and $Z$, which organism is:
$(i)$ Amphibian,
(ii) Aquatic,
(iii) Terrestrial?

If one holds their breath after expiration for about $30 \text{ s}$, would there still be any exchange of respiratory gases in the lungs during this period? Explain.

What are lenticels?