The figure shows the variation of the gravitational acceleration $a_g$ of four planets with the radial distance $r$ from the center of the planet for $r \ge R$ (where $R$ is the radius of the planet). Plots $1$ and $2$ coincide for $r \ge R_2$,and plots $3$ and $4$ coincide for $r \ge R_4$. The sequence of the planets in the descending order of their densities is:

  • A
    $1, 2, 3, 4$
  • B
    $4, 3, 2, 1$
  • C
    $2, 1, 4, 3$
  • D
    $1, 2, 4, 3$

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During the motion of a planet from perihelion to aphelion,the work done by the gravitational force of the sun on it is ...........

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$(a)$ The intensity of the Earth's gravitational field increases as we move higher above the Earth's surface.
$(b)$ There is no atmosphere on the Moon because the escape velocity on the Moon is small.
$(c)$ $A$ satellite orbiting the Earth is in a state of weightlessness.

$A$ satellite is orbiting the Earth at a height $h$ above the surface (where $R$ is the radius of the Earth and $h \ll R$). What is the minimum increase in the orbital velocity required for the satellite to escape the Earth's gravitational field? (Ignore the effect of the atmosphere.)

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Mark the correct statement:
$(i)$ Escape velocity does not depend on the mass of the body.
$(ii)$ If the total energy of a satellite becomes positive,it escapes from the Earth.
$(iii)$ The orbit of a geostationary satellite is called a parking orbit.

$A$ satellite $S$ is moving in an elliptical orbit around the earth. The mass of the satellite is very small compared to the mass of the earth. Then

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