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(C) The inheritance of $ABO$ blood groups is controlled by the gene $I$. The gene $I$ has three alleles: $I^A$,$I^B$,and $i$. Since the children have

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One parent is heterozygous for $A$ and the other parent is heterozygous for $B$.

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(C) The inheritance of $ABO$ blood groups is controlled by the gene $I$. The gene $I$ has three alleles: $I^A$,$I^B$,and $i$. Since the children have blood groups $A$,$B$,$AB$,and $O$,the parents must be heterozygous. For a child to have blood group $O$ (genotype $ii$),both parents must contribute an $i$ allele. For a child to have blood group $AB$ (genotype $I^A I^B$),one parent must contribute $I^A$ and the other must contribute $I^B$. Therefore,the genotypes of the parents must be $I^A i$ (Blood group $A$) and $I^B i$ (Blood group $B$). This cross $(I^A i 	imes I^B i)$ results in offspring with genotypes $I^A I^B$ $(AB)$,$I^A i$ $(A)$,$I^B i$ $(B)$,and $ii$ $(O)$. Thus,both parents are heterozygous for blood groups $A$ and $B$ respectively.

Four children belonging to the same parents have the following blood groups $A$,$B$,$AB$ and $O$. Hence,the genotypes of the two parents are:

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