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(D) The voltage gain $A_V$ of a transistor amplifier in common emitter configuration is defined as the ratio of output voltage $V_O$ to input voltage

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$\frac{\beta R_C}{R_B}$

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(D) The voltage gain $A_V$ of a transistor amplifier in common emitter configuration is defined as the ratio of output voltage $V_O$ to input voltage $V_I$.$A_V = \frac{V_O}{V_I} = \frac{V_C}{V_B}$Since $V_C = I_C R_C$ and $V_B = I_B R_B$,we can write:$A_V = \frac{I_C R_C}{I_B R_B}$Rearranging the terms,we get:$A_V = \left(\frac{I_C}{I_B}\right) \left(\frac{R_C}{R_B}\right)$Given that the current amplification factor $\beta = \frac{I_C}{I_B}$,substituting this into the equation gives:$A_V = \beta \cdot \frac{R_C}{R_B}$

If $R_C$ and $R_B$ are respectively the resistances of the collector and base sides of the circuit,and $\beta$ is the current amplification factor,then the voltage gain of a transistor amplifier in common emitter configuration is

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