In the given circuit, the voltage across load resistance $(R_L)$ is: (in $V$)

Identify the solar cell characteristics from the following options.

$A$ semiconductor device $X$ is connected in series with a battery and a resistor. $A$ current of $10 \ mA$ is found to pass through the circuit. If the terminals of $X$ are connected in reverse,the current drops to almost zero. $X$ may be

Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion $A$ and the other is labelled as Reason $R$.
Assertion $A:$ Diffusion current in a $p-n$ junction is greater than the drift current in magnitude if the junction is forward biased.
Reason $R:$ Diffusion current in a $p-n$ junction is from the $n$-side to the $p$-side if the junction is forward biased.
In the light of the above statements,choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

The cut-in voltage for a silicon diode is approximately $V$.

Two identical ideal diodes are connected to an ammeter and a $1 \ V$ d.c. source as shown. In which one of the following circuits will the ammeter not show any deflection?