In the reaction $Ph-COOH + NaHC^*O_3 \to \text{Product}$,the labeled carbon $C^*$ is found in which of the following products?

$CH_3CH_2COOH$ $\xrightarrow{P_2O_5}$ $X$ $\xrightarrow{H_2O}$ $Y$ $\xrightarrow{SOCl_2}$ $Z$
Identify $X$,$Y$ and $Z$.

$\text{CH}_3\text{COOH} \xrightarrow{\text{LiAlH}_4} \text{X} \xrightarrow{\text{PCl}_5} \text{Y} \xrightarrow{\text{Alcoholic KOH}} \text{Z}$. Find product '$Z$' in the above reaction.

Hydrolysis of an ester gives a carboxylic acid which on Kolbe's electrolysis yields ethane. The ester is

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
$(i)$ Propanal and Propanone
$(ii)$ Acetophenone and Benzophenone
$(iii)$ Phenol and Benzoic acid
$(iv)$ Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate
$(v)$ Pentan$-2-$one and Pentan$-3-$one
$(vi)$ Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone
$(vii)$ Ethanal and Propanal

The product $(A)$ obtained is: