The refractive index of air is $1.0003$. The thickness of an air column that will contain one more wavelength of yellow light $(6000 \mathring A)$ than in the same thickness in a vacuum is:

$A$ beam of light propagating in medium $A$ with index of refraction $n(A)$ passes across an interface into medium $B$ with index of refraction $n(B)$. The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of refraction; $v(A)$ and $v(B)$ denote the speed of light in $A$ and $B$. Then which of the following is true?

The optical density of turpentine is higher than that of water,while its mass density is lower. The figure shows a layer of turpentine floating over water in a container. For which of the four rays incident on the turpentine as shown in the figure,is the path correct?

$A$ light ray is incident on a transparent sphere of refractive index $\mu = \sqrt{2}$ at an angle of incidence $i = 45^{\circ}$. What is the total deviation of a ray that enters the sphere,undergoes two internal reflections,and then refracts out into the air (in $^{\circ}$)?

Clarify the meanings of optical density and mass density.

The phenomenon,which is not due to total internal reflection is