The graph between the instantaneous concentration $(N)$ of a radioactive element and time $(t)$ is:

The half-life of a radioactive sample,where the initial activity of the material was $8 \text{ counts}$ and after $3 \text{ hours}$ it becomes $1 \text{ count}$,is ............... $hours$.

The activity of a radioactive sample decreases to $(1/3)$ of its original value in $3\, \text{days}$. Then, in $9\, \text{days}$, its activity will become:

$A$ sample originally contained $10^{20}$ radioactive atoms,which emit $\alpha$-particles. The ratio of $\alpha$-particles emitted in the third year to that emitted during the second year is $0.3$. How many $\alpha$-particles were emitted in the first year?

Two radioactive elements $R$ and $S$ disintegrate as:
$R \rightarrow P + \alpha; \lambda_R = 4.5 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{years}^{-1}$
$S \rightarrow P + \beta; \lambda_S = 3 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{years}^{-1}$
Starting with the number of atoms of $R$ and $S$ in the ratio of $2:1$,what will be this ratio after the lapse of three half-lives of $R$?

$A$ radioactive isotope $X$ with a half-life of $1.37 \times 10^9$ years decays to $Y$,which is stable. $A$ sample of rock from the moon was found to contain both the elements $X$ and $Y$ in the ratio of $1 : 7$. The age of the rock is